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27 December 2025
Tonsil Problems: When Should You Worry?
Dr. Mohammad Asaduzzaman Rasel
Author
Most of us have heard about tonsils, especially when we or our children get a sore throat. But what exactly are tonsils, and when do they become a problem?
Tonsils are two small, soft tissues sitting at the back of your throat—one on each side. They act like the body’s security guards, stopping germs that enter through the mouth and nose. This job is especially important during childhood.
As we grow older, our body learns to fight infections better on its own, so tonsils become less active and usually smaller in adults.
What Do Tonsils Actually Do?
Tonsils help the body recognize germs like viruses and bacteria. They contain special cells that help fight infections. In simple terms, they are part of our natural defense system—mainly useful during early life.
Common Tonsil Problems
The most common tonsil problem is tonsillitis, which means swelling and infection of the tonsils.
- Viral tonsillitis is common and usually gets better on its own with rest.
- Bacterial tonsillitis (often caused by streptococcal bacteria) may need antibiotics.
Some people—especially children—get tonsillitis again and again. This is called chronic tonsillitis. It can cause:
- Repeated sore throat
- Bad breath
- Enlarged tonsils
Sometimes tonsils become so big that they block the airway, causing:
- Loud snoring
- Breathing problems during sleep
- Sleep apnea (especially in children)
Symptoms to Look Out For
Common signs of tonsil infection include:
- Sore throat
- Pain while swallowing
- Red and swollen tonsils
- White or yellow patches on tonsils
- Fever
- Swollen glands in the neck
- Bad breath
In children, you may also notice:
- Irritability
- Poor appetite
- Occasional tummy pain
How Is Tonsillitis Treated?
Doctors usually diagnose tonsillitis by checking the throat. Sometimes a throat swab test is done to see if bacteria are present.
Viral tonsillitis:
- Rest
- Plenty of fluids
- Warm saltwater gargles
- Simple pain relievers
Bacterial tonsillitis:
- Antibiotics (the full course must be completed)
If someone keeps getting severe tonsil infections or has breathing problems because of large tonsils, doctors may suggest tonsil surgery (tonsillectomy). This decision is taken only when tonsils start affecting daily life, school, or sleep.
When Should You See a Doctor?
You should consult a doctor if:
- Sore throat lasts more than a few days
- There is high fever
- Swallowing or breathing becomes difficult
- Tonsillitis keeps coming back frequently
Getting the right treatment at the right time can prevent complications and keep your throat healthy. If you’re unsure, it’s always better to check with a doctor early rather than wait.
Author:
Senior Consultant
ENT & Head Neck Surgery
Evercare Hospital Dhaka