Lower Back Pain: Causes, Treatment & Prevention

Lower Back Pain is an extremely common problem that affects people of almost all ages. It can interfere with daily activities and reduce the quality of life. It is possible to control this problem with proper knowledge about the causes and treatment of lower back pain. This article discusses the common causes and solutions for lower back pain.

Common Causes of Lower Back Pain

The main causes of lower back pain include:

1. Disc Prolapse

When a spinal disc slips or ruptures, it puts pressure on the nerves, causing severe pain in the lower back.

Symptoms: Pain, numbness, or weakness in the leg.

2. Muscle Strain

Overexertion, incorrect posture, or injury can cause muscle strain.

Symptoms: Pain and swelling in the lower back.

3. Osteoarthritis

The wearing down of cartilage in the spinal joints causes pain and a feeling of stiffness.

Symptoms: Joint stiffness and pain in the morning.

4. Spinal Stenosis

The narrowing of the spinal canal creates pressure on the nerves.

Symptoms: Pain while walking and weakness in the legs.

5. Osteoporosis

A decrease in bone density makes bones brittle and causes pain.

Symptoms: A tendency for bones to fracture.

Treatment for Lower Back Pain

The treatment for lower back pain depends on the cause and severity.

1. Physiotherapy

Special exercises and therapies are used to increase the strength of muscles and joints.

Stretching and aerobic exercises help reduce pain.

2. Medication

• Painkillers: Paracetamol and Ibuprofen.

• Muscle Relaxants: To reduce muscle tension.

• Corticosteroids: To reduce inflammation and pain.

3. Injections

• Epidural Injection: Steroids are injected around the spinal nerves.

• Facet Joint Injection: To reduce joint pain.

4. Lifestyle Changes

• Correct Posture: Maintain correct posture while sitting, standing, and sleeping.

• Weight Loss: Excess weight increases pressure on the lower back.

• Regular Exercise: Exercise to strengthen the lower back muscles.

5. Surgery

• Discectomy: For the treatment of disc prolapse.

• Spinal Fusion: To increase the stability of the spine.

Ways to Prevent Lower Back Pain

• Perform regular exercise and stretching.

• Use the correct technique when lifting heavy objects.

• Maintain correct posture.

• Maintain a healthy weight.

Conclusion

Lower back pain is a common problem, but it can be managed with timely treatment and lifestyle changes. Through physiotherapy, medication, and injections, pain can be reduced, allowing for a normal life. Seeking treatment in the early stages can prevent complications.