Bedsores: Causes, Treatment & Prevention

Bedsores, also called pressure ulcers or decubitus ulcers, are serious health issues seen in bedridden or wheelchair-bound patients. They occur due to prolonged pressure on the skin and underlying tissues, which restricts blood flow and damages tissue. Proper care and preventive measures are essential to manage bedsores.

Causes of Bedsores:

1. Prolonged Pressure: Staying in the same position for long periods

2. Friction: Skin rubbing against bed sheets or wheelchair surfaces

3. Moisture: Sweat or urine softens skin, increasing risk

4. Poor Circulation: Diabetes or vascular diseases reduce blood flow

5. Nutritional Deficiency: Lack of protein, vitamins, and minerals weakens skin

Symptoms of Bedsores:

• Stage 1: Red, warm skin on touch

• Stage 2: Surface skin damage, blisters, or open sores

• Stage 3: Damage extends to underlying tissue

• Stage 4: Deep wounds reach muscles, bones, or joints, increasing infection risk

Treatment of Bedsores:

• Wound Cleaning: Disinfect and dress the wound

• Pressure Relief: Use specialized mattresses or cushions

• Medications: Antibiotics for infection and healing creams

• Surgery: Plastic or reconstructive surgery for deep wounds

Prevention & Care:

• Regular Position Changes: Reposition bedridden patients every 2 hours

• Special Mattresses: Use air or foam mattresses to reduce pressure

• Skin Hygiene: Keep skin clean and moisturized

• Nutrition: Eat protein, vitamin C, and zinc-rich foods

• Regular Check-ups: Consult a doctor if skin changes occur

When to See a Doctor:

• Red, swollen skin

• Pus or foul smell from wound

• Fever or pain

• Wound not healing or worsening

Conclusion:
Bedsores are preventable with proper care and awareness. Pay special attention to bedridden patients’ skin health and adopt preventive measures to avoid complications.