Colon Cancer: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Colon cancer is a serious disease caused by abnormal growth of cells in the colon, a vital organ that helps process food and absorb water. The cancer typically grows slowly and can spread to other organs.

Causes of colon cancer The exact cause is not fully known, but several factors increase risk, including:

• Unhealthy diet: high intake of red and processed meats and refined sugars raise risk, while fiber-rich foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains may help reduce it.
• Physical inactivity: lack of regular exercise increases risk.
• Obesity: excess weight contributes to risk.
• Family history: personal or family history of colon cancer increases risk.
• Inflammatory bowel disease: conditions such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis elevate risk.
• Age: risk increases with age.

Symptoms of colon cancer Early stage may have no symptoms. As it progresses, possible signs include:

• Change in bowel habits or stool caliber
• Blood in stool
• Constipation or diarrhea
• Abdominal pain or discomfort
• Unexplained weight loss
• Fatigue

Colon Cancer is diagnosed through several tests, including:

• Colonoscopy: a thin scope examines the colon
• Stool test: checks for blood in stool
• CT scan: images of the colon

Treatment of colon cancer Treatment depends on cancer type, stage, and overall health, and may include:

• Surgery: removal of the cancerous portion
• Chemotherapy: drugs to destroy cancer cells
• Radiation therapy: using radiation to kill cancer cells

Prevention Preventive steps include:

• Healthy diet: higher fiber intake; limit red/processed meat and refined sugars
• Regular exercise: at least 150 minutes of moderate activity per week
• Weight management: maintain a healthy weight
• Colonoscopy: regular screening after a certain age

Conclusion Colon cancer is serious but treatable when detected early. A healthy lifestyle and regular checkups can help prevent and catch it early.

Note:

• This information is for general purposes and not a substitute for a clinician’s advice.
• For an accurate diagnosis and treatment, consult a doctor.
• Take care of your health.