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31 December 2024

EEG Test: Brain Activity & Neurological Health

EEG Test: Brain Activity & Neurological Health
Author

Dr. Mohammad Najim Uddin

Author

EEG (Electroencephalogram): Measuring Brain Activity for Neurological Health

EEG is a medical test that records the brain’s electrical activity. Neurons in the brain communicate through electrical signals, which EEG captures and represents in a graph. This allows doctors to assess brain function in detail.

Why EEG Is Done

  • Diagnosing Brain Disorders: Identifies changes in brain activity caused by epilepsy, brain tumors, meningitis, encephalitis, stroke, and other conditions.

  • Loss of Consciousness: Helps determine the cause of sudden unconsciousness.

  • Brain Death Assessment: Essential in confirming brain death.

  • Sleep Disorders: Used for conditions like insomnia and narcolepsy.

  • Abnormal Blood Flow: Detects abnormalities in brain circulation.

How EEG Is Performed
Special electrodes are placed on the patient’s scalp to pick up electrical signals from different brain areas. The patient lies in a quiet, dark room with eyes closed. The test usually takes 20–30 minutes.

EEG Results
EEG results appear as a graph showing electrical wave patterns in the brain. Doctors analyze wave shape, amplitude, and frequency to understand brain health.

Before an EEG

  • Follow all doctor instructions carefully.

  • Wash hair and avoid oils or gels.

  • Avoid caffeine from coffee, tea, or soft drinks.

  • Consult your doctor about any medications.

Benefits of EEG

  • Safe and painless procedure.

  • Helps diagnose a variety of brain disorders.

  • Allows monitoring of changes in brain activity over time.

Important Note
EEG is a medical diagnostic test. Consult a neurologist before undergoing the procedure.

Summary
EEG is a safe and effective way to assess brain function and diagnose neurological conditions. It provides critical insights for treatment planning and ongoing monitoring.