Hypothyroidism and Its Treatment

What Is Hypothyroidism?

Hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid, occurs when the thyroid gland fails to produce enough thyroid hormones. These hormones are essential for regulating metabolism, heart rate, body temperature, and many other vital functions.

Causes of Hypothyroidism

Several factors can lead to hypothyroidism, including:

• Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: An autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, reducing hormone production.
• Thyroid Surgery: Partial or complete removal of the thyroid gland can cause hormone deficiency.
• Radioactive Iodine Therapy: Used to treat hyperthyroidism, this therapy may damage thyroid cells, leading to hypothyroidism.
• Pituitary Gland Problems: If the pituitary gland does not produce enough TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone), the thyroid gland may not function properly.

Common Symptoms of Hypothyroidism

Symptoms usually develop gradually and can vary from person to person. Some common signs include:

• Persistent fatigue
• Unexplained weight gain
• Sensitivity to cold
• Dry skin and hair loss
• Constipation
• Puffy face
• Muscle and joint pain
• Irregular menstrual cycles
• Difficulty concentrating
• Depression or low mood

Treatment for Hypothyroidism

The most common treatment is thyroid hormone replacement therapy, where patients take synthetic thyroid hormone (levothyroxine) in tablet form. The dosage is carefully adjusted by the doctor based on the patient’s hormone levels and individual needs.

Living Well with Hypothyroidism

With proper care, people with hypothyroidism can lead a healthy, active life. Key steps include:

• Regular Checkups: Visit your doctor regularly to monitor hormone levels.
• Medication Adherence: Take thyroid medication exactly as prescribed.
• Healthy Diet: Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
• Exercise: Engage in regular physical activity to maintain overall health.
• Stress Management: Practice relaxation techniques such as yoga or meditation.

Conclusion

Hypothyroidism is a chronic but manageable condition. With timely diagnosis, proper medication, and healthy lifestyle choices, most patients can control their symptoms and enjoy a good quality of life.

At Evercare Hospital Chattogram, our expert endocrinologists provide comprehensive evaluation and treatment for thyroid disorders, ensuring each patient receives personalized and effective care.

Disclaimer: The information provided is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please consult a qualified doctor for diagnosis and treatment.