Kidney Diseases: Causes, Symptoms & Prevention

Kidney Diseases

The kidneys play a vital role in keeping our bodies healthy. They filter blood, remove excess water and waste, and help control blood pressure. However, when the kidneys are damaged due to certain conditions or lifestyle factors, kidney disease can occur.

Common Causes of Kidney Disease

• Diabetes: High blood sugar levels can damage the kidney’s blood vessels, reducing its filtering ability over time.
• High blood pressure: Uncontrolled hypertension can weaken the blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their function.
• Kidney infections: Bacterial or viral infections can lead to inflammation and chronic kidney problems.
• Kidney stones: Deposits of minerals can block urine flow and damage kidney tissues.
• Polycystic kidney disease: A genetic condition where fluid-filled cysts develop in the kidneys, affecting their performance.
• Autoimmune disorders: Conditions like lupus or glomerulonephritis may cause the immune system to attack kidney tissue.
• Certain medications: Long-term use of painkillers or antibiotics can harm the kidneys.
• Kidney injury: Trauma or internal bleeding can also cause kidney damage.

Symptoms of Kidney Disease

In the early stages, kidney disease may not show any obvious signs. As the condition progresses, symptoms may include:

• Changes in urine output or color
• Presence of blood in urine
• Swelling in the legs or around the eyes
• Persistent fatigue and weakness
• Nausea or vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Pale or dry skin
• Hair loss

How to Prevent Kidney Disease

• Control blood pressure and diabetes: Managing these conditions helps protect kidney health.
• Eat a balanced diet: Include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy while limiting salty and processed foods.
• Stay hydrated: Drink at least 8 glasses of water daily unless advised otherwise by your doctor.
• Avoid smoking: Smoking restricts blood flow and damages kidney function.
• Exercise regularly: Helps maintain overall health and supports kidney function.
• Schedule regular checkups: Early diagnosis can prevent complications, especially if you have diabetes or hypertension.

Treatment for Kidney Disease

Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the condition. In mild cases, lifestyle changes and medications can control the disease. However, in advanced stages, dialysis or kidney transplantation may be necessary.

Final Note

Kidney disease often develops silently, showing no symptoms until it becomes serious. Regular health checkups, a healthy diet, and proper medical guidance are key to maintaining good kidney health.

At Evercare Hospital Chattogram, our multidisciplinary nephrology team provides advanced diagnosis, treatment, and long-term kidney care to help you live a healthier life.