Tonsillitis Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

Tonsillitis is an infection or inflammation of the tonsils, which are two oval-shaped lymph glands located at the back of the throat. It is usually caused by viral or bacterial infections.

Symptoms of Tonsillitis:

• Sore throat

• Swollen, red tonsils (sometimes with white or yellow coating)

• Painful swallowing

• Fever

• Swollen lymph nodes in the neck

• Bad breath

• Ear pain

Causes:

• Viral infections: Common cold viruses, influenza, Epstein-Barr virus, etc.

• Bacterial infections: Usually caused by Streptococcus bacteria

Treatment:

• Viral Tonsillitis: Typically resolves on its own; rest, hydration, and painkillers relieve symptoms.

• Bacterial Tonsillitis: Antibiotics are required to prevent complications.

• Severe or recurrent cases: Tonsil removal surgery (Tonsillectomy) may be necessary.

Possible Complications of Tonsillitis:

1. Peritonsillar Abscess:

• Pus accumulates near the tonsils forming an abscess

• Severe throat pain, difficulty swallowing, and opening the mouth

• Treatment may require drainage and antibiotics

2. Breathing and Swallowing Problems:

• Swollen tonsils may partially block the airway, causing sleep apnea

• Difficulty swallowing food or liquids increases the risk of dehydration

3. Spread of Infection:

• Rheumatic Fever: Can affect heart, joints, skin, and brain if Streptococcus infection is untreated

• Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis: May damage kidneys

• Scarlet Fever: Causes red rash, fever, and sore throat

• Sepsis: Rarely, infection can spread to the bloodstream, creating life-threatening situations

4. Chronic Tonsillitis:

• Recurrent tonsillitis leads to persistent inflammation and infection

• Tonsillectomy may be required in such cases

Conclusion:
Tonsillitis can range from mild to severe. Early diagnosis, proper treatment, and timely surgical intervention when necessary are crucial to prevent complications and maintain overall health.